Uzbekistan introduces legal framework for artificial intelligence

2026-01-21

A new law establishing the first legal definition of artificial intelligence and setting general rules for the use of AI technologies has been adopted in Uzbekistan. Law No. 1115 amends the Law on Informatisation and the Code of Administrative Responsibility, introducing safeguards for fundamental rights and administrative penalties for unlawful processing of personal data using AI.

What has changed and why it matters

As artificial intelligence tools become increasingly embedded in business operations and public services across Central Asia, Uzbekistan has moved to establish a legal foundation for regulating the technology. Law No. 1115, signed on 21 January 2026 and adopted by the Legislative Chamber on 12 August 2025 and approved by the Senate on 1 November 2025, represents the country's first attempt to codify the concept of AI and establish ground rules for its use across government and society.

Key changes to the Law on Informatisation

• Legal definition of AI. AI is defined as "a set of technological solutions that simulate human cognitive functions (including self-learning and problem-solving) and produce results comparable to human intellectual activity when performing specific tasks"
• State policy objectives. The state is now explicitly tasked with creating the necessary conditions for the introduction and development of AI, including establishing legal, technological and economic foundations
• New competencies for the authorised state body. This includes attracting investment in AI, building technical infrastructure for AI-based processing of government data and organising AI-related training and professional development
• Safeguards for fundamental rights. AI-generated information resources and AI-powered information systems must not harm individuals' life, health, freedom, honour or dignity. Legally significant decisions affecting human rights and freedoms cannot be based exclusively on AI-generated conclusions

New administrative penalties

The law introduces a new offence under the Code of Administrative Responsibility. Unlawful processing of personal data using AI technologies, or their dissemination through mass media, telecommunications networks or the internet, carries a fine of 50 to 100 base calculation units (approx. USD 1,700 to USD 3,400), with confiscation of the instruments of the offence.

What this means for your business

For international companies operating in or deploying AI-powered tools in Uzbekistan, this law establishes important new boundaries. The prohibition on relying exclusively on AI for legally significant decisions will affect automated decision-making processes in areas such as HR, credit scoring, insurance and public services. The new administrative penalties for unlawful AI-based personal data processing add a compliance layer that businesses using AI for customer analytics, profiling or targeted services will need to assess. Companies should review their AI governance frameworks and data processing practices to ensure alignment with the new requirements.